Dystrophin analysis in muscle cells

Dystrophin, which normally lies along the
plasma membrane (sarcolemma) of muscle
cells (1), is absent in patients (2). Female
heterozygotes show a patchy distribution of
groups of normal and defective muscle cells (3)
as a result of X inactivation (see p. 228). (Photographs
kindly provided by Dr. R. Gold, Department
of Neurology, University of Würzburg).